Papua New Guinea Happy 33rd Independence

Hi all
PapuaNewGuinean's happy independents to you'll on your 33rd Independents. I would like to take this time to thank our fortfathers and mothers and also our Prime Minister Hon Chief Micheal Somera for fighting for the Independence of Papua New Guinea.

World Bank Team (Washington) mission visit to Papua New Guinea for the Proposed Urban Youth Empowerment Project

Hi Guyz I help take part with the mission team while they are here in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea here a follow up or reply from the team in Washington.

Independent State of Papua New Guinea / World Bank
Proposed Urban Youth Empowerment Project
Identification Mission
Aide-MCmoire
July 13-24,2008
A. Introduction
1. A World Bank mission comprising Ingo Wiederhofer (Senior Operations Officer, EASSO),
Sonya Woo (Operations Officer, EASSO), Dodi Doiwa (Coordinator, EACGF) and Lorraine Blank
(Consultant, EASSO) visited Papua New Guinea (PNG) from July 13-24, 2008 to identify and agree
upon the objectives and scope of activities for a proposed Urban Youth Empowerment Project (UYEP).
The statement of mission objectives is provided in Annex 1. The findings of the mission are subject to
World Bank management confirmation.
2. The mission would like to thank the Ministries for National Planning and Monitoring
(MoNPM), Community Development (MoCD), the Department of Treasury, the National Capital
District Commission (NCDC), the Lae City Authority (LCA), the National Youth Commission (NYC)
and the Morobe Provincial Youth Council for their availability and support throughout its visit. The
mission would also like to thank the other Government departments that participated, the UN and donor
community, civil society representatives and youth groups for their collaboration and assistance, as well
as the youth volunteers and communities, who worked tirelessly to facilitate the mission's field visits to
the urban settlements in Savaka, Sabama, Vadavada and Morata Four in NCD and West Taraka in ~ a e . '
A complete schedule and list of persons met is provided in Annex 2.
3. The mission agreed with the Government of Papua New Guinea (GoPNG) to proceed with the
preparation of the UYEP. The Project would have an initial focus on Port Moresby and Lae. The Project
would aim to: (i) afford short-term employment opportunities for vulnerable urban male and female
youth; (ii) build the capacity and skills of young people and offer them practical on-the job work
experience; and (iii) strengthen the capacity of the Government of PNG to plan, administer and monitor
labor market insertion and public works activities.
B. Background
4. PNG's macro economic growth has not provided sufficient employment opportunities for its
growing youth population. . Notwithstanding a fourth successive year of economic growth, PNG's GDP
per capita is estimated to be US$677, one of the lowest values in the Pacific region.2 Poverty is
estimated at 37.5% in the rural areas and 16.1% in the urban areas.3 This figure is on the increase,
exacerbated by rapid in-migration into urban center^.^ Many young people leave their villages in search
of jobs in cities and towns only to find that they lack the skills needed to compete for the few available
jobs. While there are number of challenges, two key issues are noted - the lack of equity in access to
and opportunity in both the education system and the labor market.
' During the pre-identification mission (April, 2008), the mission had also visited settlements in Erima and Gorobe.
Human Development Report, 2006. htt~://www.socialwatch.org
World Development Report, 2007 (quoting 1996 values)
4 Although the 2000 PNG Census classifies 14% of the population as "urban", since internal migration is not
closely monitored or controlled, it is difficult to estimate the exact level of urbanization. Port Moresby's migrant
population was estimated to have increased from 48% in 1990 to 58% in 2000.
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5. The rapidly growing youth population faces formidable challenges in finding employment.
According to UN estimates, PNG has registered a 42% increase in population since 1990. As a
consequence of its high fertility rate, PNG's population is very young, with 40% of the population under
14 and 50% under 20 years of age.5 In Port Moresby, youth between the ages of 15 and 35 constitute
about 45% of the total population.6 This demographic creates tremendous pressures for service delivery
and for employment generation. The International Labor Organization (ILO) estimates that while around
50,000 youth reach working age and look to enter the workforce each year, the absorptive capacity of
the formal economy is limited to only 5,000 people per year. Given that formal employment has
increased by only 1.5% since 1996, the majority are dependent on the informal sector for their
livelihoods and on the informal safety net provided by the traditional PNG social structure. '
6. High numbers of youth do not complete school. In the last decade, PNG has seen a significant
expansion of its educational system. The primary focus of GoPNG's education strategy has been to
increase access, equity and retention at all levels of education, and in so doing, to support the MDG and
Education for All (EFA) goals of achieving Universal Basic Education. While total gross enrollments
have increased, retention and access remain major concerns. Statistics indicate that only 53% of children
have completed primary school, 30% of children are not attending school and as many as 33% never
attend school. Only about 5% of the population has completed secondary school, with slightly higher
figures for the NCDC (18.9%) and urban (13.6%) populations. Moreover a higher number of girls have
never attended school and a lower number of girls complete grade 12.* Similarly, in the last two
decades, enrollments in vocational, technical and teacher colleges have decreased.
7. Causes of low retention and school leaving include high school fees, inadequate facilities, a
shortage of qualified teachers and lack of teaching and learning materials. Completion of secondary and
second chance education are proven strategies for enhancing youth social and economic outcomes, as
well as reducing crime and unemployment. However, as a result of the lack of access and poor
educational attainment rates, most youth of working age do not have the qualifications necessary to
obtain formal employment or to compete effectively in the informal sector. Low school completion rates
are therefore a major factor contributing to social alienation, lack of employability and ultimately crime
among urban youth. The mission welcomes the GoPNG's current efforts to review progress in the
education sector, and notes that a number of partners, including AusAID, EU, NZAID, JICA and the
Government of Indonesia, are supporting the development of the education sector.
8. High levels of urban criminality and lawlessness are fuelled by unemployment and poverty.
Rapid urban growth, weak law enforcement systems, poor living conditions and the erosion of
indigenous systems of social support have contributed to increasing tensions within communities and a
sense of disenfranchisement and unfulfilled expectations among youth. This has in turn contributed to
high crime and violence, including the formation of criminal youth or "raskol" gangs. In Port Moresby,
it is estimated that up to 69% of the unemployed men earn their livelihood through crime.g Armed
robbery, murder, rape and drug dealing are common. Recently, gangs have become increasingly
organized and sophisticated and are hred to provide security while some continue to participate in
criminal activities."
UN Population Prospects, 2006 Revision.
httQ://www.un.or~esa~populatiod~ublications/p2OO6PP2OHO6ig hlights rev.~df
PNG National Census, 2000.
7 ILO, 2002. Employment Opportunities for Papua New Guinea Youth.
World Bank, 2008, PNG National Census (2000) and Department of Education statistics.
UNHABITAT, 2004. Youth and Crime Survey, Port Moresby.
'O Ibid.
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C. Youth Policy & Programs
9. Translating GoPNG's National Youth Policy into action. There has been an increasing
awareness by the Government of the importance of youth in its national development planning. The
GoPNG recently adopted a National Youth Policy (NYP) 2007-20 17. The NYP contains nine key policy
directions: (i) improving the quality of life for young people to alleviate poverty; (ii) accessing
integrated education to address illiteracy and school dropouts; (iii) nurturing sustainable livelihoods for
youth; (iv) promoting healthy lifestyles to address health related issues including the HIV/AIDS among
youth and promote sports development; (v) building stronger communities that involve young people as
partners; (vi) strengthening institutional capacity to promote youth development; (vii) promoting youth
and their identity through languages, culture and traditions; (viii) conducting research and data
collection on youth; and (ix) promoting youth participation in law and justice programs. However,
dissemination of the policy has been limited to date. It is expected that the proposed Project will
contribute towards the implementation of NYP priorities (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (vi) and (viii).
10. While the NYC is responsible for coordinating the implementation of National Youth Policy
(NYP), it has not yet been adequately translated into actions or programs. Reasons for this include a lack
of Government budgetary allocations and a lack of familiarity with the policy among key stakeholders,
including youth serving agencies within Government. The mission encourages the GoPNG to
disseminate the NYP among government and civil society stakeholders. To date, the Government has
been unable to build the necessary coalitions around national youth priorities and to provide a vehicle
for the coordination of youth activities undertaken by non-state actors. Most key development partners,
including NGOs and faith based organizations that provide services for youth are working fairly
independently of the government's own programs. "
11. There are a number of activities in support of youth developmentl"he GoPNG through its
Integrated Community Development Policy is supporting a number of initiatives aimed at strengthening
communities and enhancing community access to learning and development opportunities through
nonformal education and the informal sector. A centerpiece of the policy is strengthening learning
through the establishment of Community Learning and Development Centers and Networks. Associated
program activities should benefit youth by improving opportunities for livelihoods and empowering
young people to drive and benefit from the development process. The NCDC and LCC are also
supporting a range of social programs (e.g., training events in life skills, HIV/AIDS, law and order etc.,)
to safety campaigns (e.g., NCDC's Seife Meri) as well as the development of youth networks. NCDC's
2008 strategic plan also lays out a number of new initiatives that will benefit youth, including a
scholarships and micro credit scheme.
12. UNICEF has been involved in youth policy development and is implementing programs
focused on leadership, peace building, health and nutrition, HIV/AIDS prevention and promoting child
protection and education for girls. The ADB's Employment Oriented Skills Development Project, which
closed in 2007, focused on improving incoming earning opportunities for the unemployed and
underemployed in both rural and urban areas, with a strong emphasis on women and youth by increasing
the availability of short-term skills and entrepreneurship training. The EU is working with the
Department for Community Development (DfCD) to support a youth and women's empowerment
initiative as well as providing grants to support the capacity building of non-state actors. AusAID is
leading the work in the law and justice sector and is supporting the NCDC on an urban safety initiative
called Yumi Lukautim Mosbi (YLM "Let's Look After Port Moresby"). YLM adopts community-led
approaches to identifying and addressing urban safety and crime prevention issues and supports a
I I It is estimated that faith based organizations collectively provide half of the health services and co-manage up to
40% of primary and secondary educational facilities.
l2 World Bank, 2008. A Rapid Youth Assessment is under development. The Assessment will include a
comprehensive mapping of youth serving organizations in NCDC and surrounding areas as well as an analysis and
profile of the urban youth sector.
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number of community projects ranging from cultural and sporting events for youth, social service
programs focused on women and youth, and access to employment opportunities through public-private
partnerships. AusAlD also provides support in the area of sports development and vocational training.
The World Bank has invested in youth outreach activities such as the Tingim Yut Kompetzsen and the Yu
Tok youth radio program.
13. A number of civil society organizations, including NGOs, CBOs and faith-based organizations
provide second chance programs, mostly through the delivery of technical and vocational training
services, as well as the provision of life skills and basic numeracy and literacy training. For example,
City Mission, a non-profit organization, which is located in Port Moresby and Lae, targets vulnerable
youth and aims to rehabilitate them through their agriculture and vocational training extension centers,
which has some 300 youth passing through its programs each year. The Port Moresby Chamber of
Commerce and training organizations, like the Ginigoada Binis Development Foundation and Hohola
Youth Development Center, also play an important role in linking training with on-the-job experience.
They offer young people the potential to gain valuable experience that could segue into more permanent
employment opportunities. In addition, youth groups and women's associations sought to mobilize and
bring attention to the plight of youth with some success. The majority of groups operate as informal
associations that do not have the resources or the benefit and knowledge of community development
experiences undertaken elsewhere.
1 4. Supporting GoPNG's Medium Term Development Strategy (1MTDS). The Government's
MTDS for 2005-2010 highlights seven priorities: (i) rehabilitation and maintenance of transport
infrastructure; (ii) promotion of income earning opportunities; (iii) basic education; (iv) developmentoriented
informal adult education; (v) primary health care; (vi) HIVIAIDS prevention; and (vii) law and
justice. The Bank's Country Assistance Strategy (CAS) for 2008-20 11 focuses on two pillars in support
of the MTDS: (i) promoting and maintaining sound economic and natural resource management, and (ii)
improving livelihoods and service delivery, especially for the rural poor. The CAS recognizes the
importance of empowering women and youth as a cross-cutting theme. It is expected that the proposed
Project will contribute to the second pillar of the CAS as well as support the MDTS priorities (i), (ii),
and (iv).
15. The Bank is also moving forward with a number of priority interventions in the rural and
education sectors, which would have relevance to the UYEP. For example, the Bank's project in the
rural sector will focus on improving the access and quality of service delivery to rural communities
through financing of small-scale development projects and strengthening of local governance at the
Ward and Local Level Government levels in selected provinces. Ths may provide an excellent
opportunity for young people to participate in, and implement sub-projects. The GoPNG emphasized
the importance of the Bank supporting activities that would provide incentives for rural youth to remain
in their communities. The GoPNG further stressed the importance of close coordination as the Bank
moves forward with the simultaneous preparation of Projects in rural and urban settings in order to
ensure coherence and a comprehensive approach the challenges confronting youth.
D. Overview of the Proposed Project
16. The mission agreed with GoPNG to proceed with the preparation of an Urban Youth
Empowerment Project (UYEP). The UYEP would be implemented over a period of five years, from
2009-20 14.
a) Proiect Obiectives
17. The Project would have the following three objectives:
(i) support labor market integration of economically disadvantaged male and female youth
by providing them with second chance education, occupational skills and life skills,
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valued by employers;
(ii) afford male and female youth opportunities for short-term employment opportunities and
on-the-job learning opportunities in the public and private sectors; and
(iii) strengthen the capacity of public and private service providers to plan, supervise, monitor
and evaluate labor market insertion and public works projects.
b) Project Principles
18. The following core principles will underpin the design of the UYEP:
(i) Focusing on labor market needs: the Project will focus on providing demand driven training
opportunities with demonstrated market needs, thereby enhancing the prospects for effective
integration of youth into the labor market;
(ii) Build upon experience: the Project will seek to build upon the significant experience gained
with training, labor market insertion and public works by different state and civil society actors
in PNG, as well as lessons learned from other developing countries;
(iii) Leverage partnerships: the Project would seek to strengthen public private partnerships in
service delivery, and draw upon the implementation capacity of private and civil society in
frontline service provision; and
(iv) Local ownership and sustainability: GoPNG will be responsible for Project oversight. The
Project will invest in the strengthening of Government institutions with a view to ensuring that
the GoPNG is able to support effective youth labor market integration. 1-Tltimate institutional
sustainability will depend on the commitment of the GoPNG to finance and staff such
institutions adequately and reliably.
c) Geographic Scope & Target Groups
19. Geographic scope: The Project will initially focus its activities in Port Moresby and Lae, the
two largest cities in PNG. Possibilities for geographic expansion of the Project would be assessed in the
course of the mid-tern Project review.
20. Focus on at-risk youth: The Project will focus on those youth most at risk of social alienation
and economic alienation, especially those who are out of school and out of work, including inter alia
those who have (i) never accessed or not completed the formal school system, (ii) those who may have
completed their formal education but have still not been integrated into the labor market, (iii) low
income youth, (iv) youth who are vulnerable to criminal activity andlor substance abuse; (v) teenage
mothers; (vi) female sex workers; and (vii) local indigenous youth.
2 1. Gender equity: The Project will include specific activities appropriate for skills development
and labor market insertion of both male and female youth.
d) Potential Proiect Activities
22. The Project would support the Government's agenda of employment generation by promoting
labor integration of economically disadvantaged young people. To this end, the Project would support
an integrated set of services and opportunities to help selected male and female unemployed urban youth
to become economically active. The Project would undertake the following activities:
23. Activity #1: Youth Development Corps (YDC): The YDC would finance labor-intensive
temporary job creation activities for poor urban youth in the formal and informal sectors that are
combined with a basic foundation course (described below). These activities would mainly focus on
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simple infrastructure rehabilitation, including road and facility maintenance and/or upgrades (e.g.,
repairing defunct infrastructure at schools, hospitals, etc.,) cleaning and upgrading of public spaces (e.g.,
local informal markets), tree planting, conservation, etc. The YDC would build upon the experience of
recent labor intensive schemes that have generated temporary jobs and injected cash into the hands of
the poor and unemployed in Port Moresby. These resources will be geographically targeted based on the
relative prevalence and intensity of poverty, food insecurity, and unemployment. They will thus
primarily target those areas and households in greatest need of assistance with a greater share of
resources. Communities would play a role in the identification and implementation of priority activities
in their neighborhoods. They would include mechanisms to ensure delivery of high-quality services.
24. Participants would be eligible for up to 60 working days of support and would also be required
to participate in basic foundation courses, whlch would focus on developing key academic competencies
(literacy and numeracy) and life skills (work place attitudes, communication, leadershp, negotiation,
citizenship, use of money, savings, HIV/AIDS awareness, etc.,) that are valued in the market place and
civil society.
25. Activity #2: Youth Labor Market Insertion Scheme: The Project would support initiatives
that would allow access to market-oriented slulls training for unemployed youth. The program would
engage young people between the ages of 15 and 25, in activities aimed at building occupational skills
and competencies, job readiness, inter-personal development and small business development and
management skills. The cumculum would include a basic foundation course, which would focus on
developing key competencies (literacy and numeracy) and life skills (as described above), in addition to
a menu of short training and apprenticeship schemes.
26. Experienced training providers (private, public and/or NGO), would be selected on a
competitive basis. They would be required to identify and secure on-the-job learning opportunities in
the private (formal and informal) or public sector. They would provide class-room based training
activities based on the opportunities they have secured and in accordance with the needs specified by the
employers. Participants would receive a training subsidy during the class-room based and on-the-job
training.
27. In addition, the project would directly assist in job creation by encouraging and advising
participants on the establishment of small and medium enterprises, including individual and group
businesses. Participants who wish to start or further develop their businesses would be provided with
training to promote entrepreneurship and self-employment. The Project would promote linkages
between these individuals and existing micro-finance providers.
28. Activity #3 - Youth Group Micro Projects: in the course of further project preparation, the
team will consider the possibility of including a component for youth grants in the Project, building on
the experience of the Tingim Yut Kompetisen and other small grant programs in PNG that earmark small
grants to youth groups on a competitive basis. The youth grants would aim to encourage economic and
social entrepreneurship. A key component would support youth groups in the preparation of proposals
and in the design, implementation and supervision of micro projects.
29. Activity #4 - Capacity-Building for Planning, Contracting and Monitoring: The project
would strengthen the capacity of relevant agencies to: (i) plan more market-oriented and demand-driven
labor market insertion programs, (ii) monitor and evaluate their implementation, and (iii) inform and
advise education and training systems on emerging labor market trends. The Project will also enhance
the capacity of the NCDC and the LCA to identify, contract, supervise and monitor training and
employment services and outcomes that are: (i) demand-driven, (ii) targeted towards the most at-risk
youth, and (iii) efficient and effective.
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e) Institutional and Imdementation Arranrrements
30. Overall: As the formal counterpart to the World Bank, the mission suggests that MoNPM serve
as the parent ministry for the Project for disbursement purposes. However, the mission suggests that the
responsibility for the management of Project activities should be delegated to the relevant city
authorities. Administrative capacity, fiduciary capacity and techcal assistance needs would be assessed
in the course of Project preparation. If feasible, they would be responsible for contracting service
providers, project communications, monitoring implementation and accounting for resources. Project
management unit could be established withn the city authorities to ensure timely and effective
implementation of Project activities. The Project would seek to strengthen the capacity of the partners to
ensure that they would have the technical and fiduciary capacity to implement these activities
independently following the closing of the Project.
31. The city authorities would contract private, public and/or NGO service providers for the
implementation of specific activities (e.g., training, job placements, and public works). Implementing
partners would be selected through a transparent, competitive and simple tender process. This would
ensure that the Project is able to draw upon existing capacity and is also able to experiment with
different approaches.
32. The GoPNG would establish a UYEP Steering Committee (SC) to ensure effective
coordination and cooperation among stakeholder agencies. Th~sc ommittee would be chaired by the
MoNPM, and would comprise the MoCD, Department of Labor and Employment, the Department of
Education, the NYC, the Provincial Youth Council, the NCDC, the LCA as well as civil society and
private sector representatives. The SC would meet bi-annually to review and endorse work plans, review
progress reports, and provide strategic guidance. It would not have a role in regular project management
or procurement activities. If necessary, technical working groups of key stakeholders, chaired by NCDC
and LCC respectively, could be constituted to ensure effective cooperation among participating agencies
at the techcal level.
33. Fiduciary and Safeguards: Financial management and procurement capacity, as well as social
and environmental safeguards arrangements would be assessed in the course of project preparation.
34. Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E): The Project will establish rigorous M&E mechanisms to
ensure that information on outputs, outcomes and impact is available at the time of project completion.
A results framework would be agreed upon during the pre-appraisal mission. A Management
Information System (MIS) would be established to monitor beneficiaries and project outputs. Sanctions
would be applied in the event of failure to submit agreed reports in a timely manner. The Government
would contract a qualified organization to undertake a baseline survey and a final impact evaluation. An
external mid-term review would also be undertaken 24 months following Project effectiveness.
f) Propram Financing
35. The Project would be financed by an IDA credit in the amount of approximately US$10
million. The GoPNG would contribute counterpart resources to facilitate implementation. The mission
noted that it would be desirable for the Government counterpart contribution to increase during the
course of Project implementation, with a view to ensuring financial sustainability at the time of closing.
36. The interest of other donors to provide co-financing for Project activities will be explored in the
course of Project preparation.
g) Partnerships
37. The mission noted the lack of coordination of partners supporting youth activities in PNG. The
mission encourages the GoPNG to establish a forum in which interested partners could meet on a regular
basis with a view to supporting the implementation of the NYP and sharing information on ongoing
activities and lessons learned.
38. The mission also consulted with UNHABITAT on the Youth and Crime Survey (2004), and
was informed that a second Phase I1 of the study is being planned for later this year. Opportunities for
further collaboration in this area will also be explored in the course of Project preparation.
E. Other Project Preparation Activities
39. The World Bank has initiated a mapping of youth activities in Port Moresby and the collection
of baseline data on the current situation of urban youth in PNG. This assessment will be completed by
September 2008 and will provide a further basis for project preparation.
40. The World Bank task team will explore the possibility of requesting funding through a Project
Preparation Facility (PPF), Population and Human Resource Development (PHRD) andlor Japanese
Social Development Fund (JSDF) grant(s) to support project design and implementation. These
resources could fund a number of activities, including (i) studies (e.g., formal and informal labor force /
market assessments, targeting methodologies and costing of program interventions), (ii) technical
assistance to help the GoPNG prepare and implement the UYEP, and (iii) piloting specialized activities
for particularly vulnerable youth (e.g., female sex workers, disabled youth, local indigenous youth).
41. The task team also liaised with representatives of the Adolescent Girls Initiative (AGI), a new
initiative administered by the World Bank which provides financial assistance to promote the
employment and self-employment of adolescent girls in a select number of developing countries. In the
course of project preparation, the team will further explore opportunities for drawing upon the AGI to
complement IDA resources for the UYEP.
F. Key Next Steps
F. Annexes
Action
1. Confm interest to proceed with Project
preparation
2. Complete and disseminate Port Moresby Youth
Mapping Study
3. Prepare UYEP Project Concept Note
4. Initiate project preparation mission
5. Conduct safeguards assessment
6. Conduct FM capacity assessment
7. Conduct procurement capacity assessment
(i) Statement of Mission of Objectives
(ii) Mission Schedule
Responsible
Party
GoPNG
( M o w
WB
WB
WB
WB
WB
Wl3
Deadline
August 15,2008
September 15,2008
September 15,2008
November 30,2008
By project pre-appraisal
By project appraisal
By project appraisal
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ANNEX 1
Papua New Guinea
Statement of Mission Objectives
Urban Youth Empowerment Project
July 13 - 24,2008
1. A mission comprising of Ingo Wiederhofer (Senior Operations Officer, EASSO), Sonya Woo
(Operations Officer, EASSO), Dodi Doiwa (Coordinator, EACGF) and Lorraine Blank (Consultant,
EASSO) will visit Papua New Guinea from July 13-24, 2008 to conduct an Identification Mission for
the proposed Urban Youth Empowerment Project (UYEP).
2. The mission follows Bank management's approval of the Lending Development Note for Papua
New Guinea (PNG) on April 2,2008, and agreement for the mission to proceed in preparing an outline
of the Project Concept Note in consultation with the Government of Papua New Guinea (GoPNG).
Objectives
3. The objectives of the mission will be as follows:
to confirm Government support for a project that would seek to address key factors contributing
to the perceived social alienation and economic marginalization affecting youth in selected
urban centers in PNG. This Project may include efforts to increase the participation and
contribution of youth to local development activities; and
to identify the possible objectives, components, and options for implementation arrangements
. for the proposed project; to elaborate a preliminary timeline for project preparation.
To this end the team will meet with key Government agencies as well as a range of youth groups and
representatives, donors and key civil society organizations involved in the urban youth sector.
Ms. Blank will work with the PNG National Youth Commission to (i) develop a map of community and
civil society organizations operating in the urban youth sector in Port Moresby; (ii) assess their strengths
and weaknesses; (iii) extract a set of lessons learned; and (iv) undertake a broad identification of the
youth-at-risk groups in Port Moresby. This analysis would be used to inform the proposed project's
beneficiary targeting and establish relevant baseline indicators.
Outputs
The team will produce the following key outputs:
Aide Memoire;
Back-to-Office Report; and
Project Concept Note (by September 3 1,2008).

2008 US Most Dangerous Internet Hacker

Gary McKinnon's legal team claims that the US government wants to 'make an example of him'
A British man who hacked into computers at the Pentagon will face trial in the US after the law lords ruled that he should be extradited.
At the House of Lords this morning, Gary McKinnon, 42, was told that his appeal against extradition would not be granted.
McKinnon, an unemployed computer systems administrator from north London, invaded computer systems belonging to the US military in 2001 – shortly after the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon.
He said he was merely searching for evidence of extraterrestrial life, but American officials labelled him the world's most dangerous hacker and accused him of deleting important files and causing hundreds of thousands of dollars' worth of damage.
According to prosecutors, McKinnon scanned more than 73,000 US government computers and hacked into 97 machines belonging to the US army, navy, air force and Nasa.
His lawyers have fought vigorously against the extradition, arguing that McKinnon could face up to 60 years in prison as a result of his actions, and could even be classed as an "enemy combatant" and interned at Guantánamo Bay. Instead they argued that he should face prosecution under Britain's more lenient computer crime laws because he carried out the hacking from his bedroom in London.
But the law lords today rejected that argument. "The difference between the American system and our own is not perhaps so stark as the appellant's argument suggests," said Lord Brown of Eaton-under-Heywood in his ruling.
"It is difficult to think of anything other than the threat of unlawful action which could fairly be said so to imperil the integrity of the extradition process as to require the accused to be discharged irrespective of the strength of the case against him."
In a statement, McKinnon's legal team said it would be taking the appeal to the European Court of Human Rights.
"Gary McKinnon is neither a terrorist nor a terrorist sympathiser," the statement said. "His case could have been properly dealt with by our own prosecuting authorities. Instead, we believe that the British government declined to prosecute him to enable the US government to make an example of him.
"American officials involved in this case have stated that they want to see him 'fry'. The consequences he faces if extradited are both disproportionate and intolerable and we will be making an immediate application to the European Court to prevent his removal."

My Birthday turning big 22!

Hi Guyz
Just letting you'll know that I just turn big 22nd years old on the 2nd of September, 2008. First my best friend & I had 2 pieces box, sunquick juice & ice cream during lunch it was so cool and the best lunch I had with my friend Joe Pahau. After the lunch I went home ordering a big jumbo pizza @ Gateway Hotel mixture of Rabaul Volcano, Hawaiian, Cheese & Ham and Mushroom & Peperoni with spring onions on top, Also ma big Sister order a large jumbo strawberry & chocolate ice-cream with varieties of toppings, I have a lovely dinner with my family members man all this sea foods, barbecue and a big big poke mumu Hagen style mi tok hehehehehe :D :D :D after finishing with my family my friends came pick me up then off to Paddy's Bar stayed there till 3am in the morning darm it was so cool enjoying my birthday celebration with family & friends. But I still want to do a bigger and better celebration after few weeks time.